Article Sidebar

Download
PDF English
Statistic
Read Counter : 14 Download : 5

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

QS. An-Nisā’:92 emphasizes the responsibility of perpetrators of qatl al-khaṭa’ (unintentional killing) through the obligation to free a Muslim slave, pay diyat, or fast as kaffārat. This verse not only contains legal provisions, but also offers a moral framework and restorative justice that is relevant to cases of traffic accidents caused by negligence. This study aims to examine the classification of traffic accidents due to negligence as qatl al-khaṭa' in the perspective of Islamic law and compare it with Indonesian positive law regulations. The research uses a qualitative approach with library research and Hans-Georg Gadamer's hermeneutic analysis methods, through the stages of pre-understanding, dialogue with the text, and fusion of horizons to link the meaning of QS. An-Nisā':92 with contemporary legal reality. The results of the study show that traffic accidents caused by negligence fall under the category of qatl al-khaṭa’, which carries moral, legal, and social consequences that require the perpetrator to be held proportionally accountable. In Indonesian positive law, the handling of similar cases focuses on criminal sanctions, while compensation for victims and/or heirs is partly facilitated through the Jasa Raharja social insurance compensation scheme as basic state protection, not diyat imposed directly on the perpetrator. This pattern provides material compensation, but does not fully accommodate relational and spiritual recovery as outlined in QS. An-Nisā':92, so that the principle of justice in this verse can be used as an ethical reference to enrich the design of traffic accident settlements in Indonesia.

Keywords

QS. An-Nisā’ :92 Qatl al-Khaṭa’ Traffic Accidents Islamic Criminal Law

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Urfah, A. M., Masruhan, & Indah Khoirun Nisa’. (2026). Qāṭl al-Khaṭa’: The Contextual Relevance of QS. An-Nisā’ Verse 92 to Traffic Accidents Caused by Human Error. Al-Fahmu: Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Tafsir, 5(1), 98–110. https://doi.org/10.58363/alfahmu.v5i1.723
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Akbar, P. (2024). Penafsiran Ayat-Ayat Tentang Kisas Perspektif Ibnu Katsir Dan Fazlur Rahman [Master’s thesis]. Universitas PTIQ.
  2. Al-Qurtubi, A.-Q. (2003). Al-Jami’ Li Ahkām Al-Qur’an (Vol. 5). Dar al-Fikr.
  3. Ananta, R. F., & Amrulloh, M. (2025). Penafsiran Ayat-Ayat Kaffarat Perspektif Tafsir Al-Munir Karya Wahbah Az-Zuhaili. Bunyan al-Ulum, 2, 01–22. https://doi.org/10.58438/bunyanalulum.v2i1.355
  4. An-Nisaburi, A.-W. (2014). Asbabun Nuzul, Sebab-Sebab Turunnya Ayat-Ayat al-Qur’ an (M. Syamsi, Trans.; Vol. 1). Amelia Surabaya.
  5. Az-Zuhaili, W. (2016). Tafsir Al-Munir (Vol. 3). Gema Insani.
  6. Badan Pusat Statistik, B. P. S. (2022). Jumlah Kecelakaan, Korban Mati, Luka Berat, Luka Ringan, dan Kerugian Materi, 2022. https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/NTEzIzI=/jumlah-kecelakaan-korban-mati-luka-berat-luka-ringan-dan-kerugian-materi.html
  7. Darmaji, A. (2014). Dasar-Dasar Ontologis Pemahaman Hermeneutik Hans-Georg Gadamer. Refleksi, 13(4), 467–492. https://doi.org/10.15408/ref.v13i4.911
  8. Fadil, M. I., Azazy, Y., & Rozikin, O. (2025). Analisis Sanksi Tindak Pidana Pelaku Kelalaian dalam Berkendara Mengakibatkan Kematian dalam Putusan Nomor: 313/Pid.Sus/2024/Pn Jmr Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam. Maqasid: Jurnal Studi Hukum Islam, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.30651/mqs.v14i1.26262
  9. Hartanto, B. D. (2021). Analisis Perilaku Pengemudi Truk serta Kontribusinya pada Kecelakaan. Jurnal Penelitian Transportasi Darat, 23(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/jptd.v23i1.1749
  10. Helmi, R., Danialsyah, D., & Mukidi, M. (2024). Penegakan Hukum Dalam Tindak Pidana Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Akibat Kelalaian Pengemudi Yang Menyebabkan Korban Meninggal Dunia (Studi Kasus Di Kepolisian Resor Serdang Bedagai). Jurnal Ilmiah METADATA, 6(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.47652/metadata.v6i1.464
  11. Hidayani, S., & Mina, R. F. P. (2022). The Concept of Criminal Responsibility in Islamic Criminal Law. Al-Qanun: Jurnal Kajian Sosial dan Hukum Islam, 3(2), 67. https://doi.org/10.58836/al-qanun.v3i2.19689
  12. Hidayati, A., & Hendrati, L. Y. (2016). Analisis Risiko Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Berdasar Pengetahuan, Penggunaan Jalur, Dan Kecepatan Berkendara. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi, 4, 275–287. https://doi.org/10.20473/jbe.v4i2.2016.275–287
  13. Istiawan, I. R. (2025). Enforcement of the Law Against Negligent Traffic Violators Resulting in Fatalities: A Case Study of Decision Number 34/Pid.B/2021/PN.Mgt. Justice Voice, 3(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.37893/jv.v3i1.1020
  14. Kementrian Agama, K. A. (2019). Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya Edisi Penyempurnaan 2019. LPMQ.
  15. Khaliq, M. N., & Pangestu, A. (2025). Teori Maqasid Syari’ah Klasik (Asy-Syatibi). Risalah: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Islam, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.31943/jurnal_risalah.v11i1.1330
  16. Lady, L., & Umyati, A. (2021). Human Error dalam Berkendara Berdasarkan Kebiasaan Pelanggaran oleh Pengemudi. Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTRANSLOG), 8(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.54324/j.mtl.v8i1.510
  17. Maulidar, M. (2017). Hukuman Qishash dalam Fiqh Jinayat. Al-Mizan, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.54621/jiam.v4i1.391.%20
  18. Mudin, M. I., Fikri, M. D., Shobirin, M. M., & Mukharom, R. A. (2021). Hermeneutika Hans-Georg Gadamer: Studi Analisis Kritis Penafsiran Amina Wadud tentang Ayat Kepemimpinan. Intizar, 27(2), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.19109/intizar.v27i2.10104
  19. Novizal, N., Sastro, M., & Sulaiman. (2024). Legal Protection for Victims of Single Traffic Accidents Through Insurance (a Study Research at Pt Jasa Raharja Bireuen). Proceedings of 4th Malikussaleh International Conference on Law, Legal Studies and Social Science (MICoLLS), 1–25.
  20. Paliama, B. M., Sopacua, M. G., & Leasa, E. Z. (2023). Kajian Yuridis Terhadap Anak Yang Karena Kelalainnya Mengakibatkan Matinya Orang. Pattimura: Law Study Review, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.47268/palasrev.v1i2.12033
  21. Purnama, F. F. (2022). Hermeneutika Filosofis Gadamer. ’Irfani, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.62376/irfani.v1i1.230.
  22. Putri, C. P., & Pratiwi, D. E. (2023). Efektivitas Penerapan Restorative Justice Dalam Penanganan Kasus Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Di Kepolisian Resor Kota Surakarta. Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 7(2), 293–302. https://doi.org/10.24269/ls.v7i2.6769
  23. Shihab, M. Q. (2002). Tafsir al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan dan keserasian Al-Qur’an (Vol. 2). Lentera Hati.
  24. Silalahi, H. N. E., & Nainggolan, O. (2025). Tindak Pidana Pelaku Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas yang Mengakibatkan Kematian Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor: 110/Pid.sus/2023/Pn Ban. Jurnal Hukum Progresif, 8(1). https://oaj.jurnalhst.com/index.php/jhp/article/view/8623
  25. Siregar, A. M., Maidalena, M., & Syarbaini, A. M. B. (2024). Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan PT. Jasa Raharja dalam Pemberian Santunan pada Masyarakat yang Mengalami Kecelakaan Diri Tunggal di PT. Jasa Raharja Tk. II Padangsidimpuan. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 5(3), 523–532. https://doi.org/10.38035/jmpis.v5i3.2004
  26. Siregar, F. A., Harahap, R. B., Fauziah, Y., Julu, T., & Aqil Munawwar, S. (2024). Fikih Jinayah Kontemporer (I. H. Lubis, Ed.; 1st ed.). Semesta Aksara.
  27. Siregar, T. V., Rudiana, R., & Afrilia, U. A. (2025). Sosialisasi Informasi Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Oleh Jasa Raharja Dan Pemerintah Di Pt Vonex. JANE (Jurnal Administrasi Negara), 17(1). https://doi.org/10.24198/jane.v17i1.64528
  28. Taufiqurrahman, M., Irwan Fitri Aco, & Muhammad Saddam Nurdin. (2023). Sanksi atas Pembunuhan Syibhu al-’Amd dalam Perspektif Fikih Jinayah: Sanctions for Syibhu al-‘Amd Murder in Fiqh Jinayah Perspective. AL-QIBLAH: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Bahasa Arab, 2(3), 254-274. https://journal.stiba.ac.id/index.php/qiblah/article/view/985
  29. Umniyatun, Y., Nurmansyah, M. I., Farradika, Y., Purnama, T. B., & Hidayat, D. N. (2021). Motorcycle risky behaviours and road accidents among adolescents in Jakarta metropolitan area, Indonesia. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 28(3), 339–346. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2021.1928229
  30. Wahyuni, F. (2018). Aktualisasi Nilai-Nilai Hukum Pidana Islam Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Indonesia (1st ed.). PT Nusantara Persada Utama.