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Abstract
Domestic violence (KDRT) remains a significant issue in Indonesia, with high numbers of reported cases each year. Many of these cases are linked to gender inequality, and misinterpretations of Qur’anic verses often justify patriarchal practices within marriage. This study aims to analyze the interpretations of KUPI (Indonesian Women Ulama Congress) regarding Qur’anic verses related to KDRT and to explore how their progressive interpretations offer solutions to gender inequality in domestic settings. A qualitative, descriptive-analytical approach was used, with data sourced from KUPI’s fatwas, related academic literature, and interviews with gender-responsive scholars involved in KUPI. The study finds that KUPI’s interpretations of verses such as QS. al-Nisa’ [4]: 34 and QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 233 emphasizes equality, respect, and justice, rejecting violence and reinforcing mutual rights within marriage. This research contributes to the development of gender-responsive Qur’anic interpretation and offers new insights into addressing KDRT through Islamic law. For further research, it is recommended that field-based studies be conducted to examine the actual impact of KUPI interpretations on the prevention of domestic violence in Muslim communities, including through interviews with victims, advocates, and female religious scholars who are directly involved.
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References
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- Razak, Y., & Mundzir, I. (2019). Otoritas Agama Ulama Perempuan:Relevansi Pemikiran Nyai Masriyah Amva Terhadap Kesetaraan Jender Dan Pluralisme. Palastren Jurnal Studi Gender, 12(2), 397. https://doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v12i2.5981
- Ridha, M. R. (1990). Tafsir Al-Manar. Al-Hai’an Al-Misriyyah Al-’Ammah.
- Rohmaniyah, I., Kotele, S., & Widiastuti, R. S. K. (2022). Reclaiming an Authority: Women’s Ulama Congress Network (KUPI) and a New Trend of Religious Discourse in Indonesia. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11(3), 60. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0068
- Ulfiyati, N. S. (2019). Pandangan dan Peran Tokoh Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) dalam Mencegah Perkawinan Anak. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah, 11(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v11i1.6488
- Zaen, N. (2022). Rahima: Inisiator dan Penggagas dalam Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia Tahun 2000-2017 [UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta]. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/51767/
References
Alfirdaus, R., & Huda, S. Q. N. (2026). The Construction of Hijab Discourse in Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis. Dirasat Qur’aniyyah Wa Hadithiyyah, 1(1), 35–49. https://doi.org/10.14804/daqiyah.v1i1.021
Asy’ari, H., & Zuhriyah, L. F. (2025). The Muslim Feminist Movement of the Indonesian Women Ulema Congress (KUPI) on Women’s Issues in Indonesia. Buana Gender: Jurnal Studi Gender Dan Anak, 10(1), 17–30. https://doi.org/10.22515/bg.v10i1.10184
Faizah, N., Rezy Meidina, A., Lubabul Chadziq, A., Iqbal, M., & Umam, M. S. (2024). The Role of Indonesian Women Ulama Congress (KUPI) in the Search for Gender Equality-Based Islamic Law. Al-’Adalah, 21(2), 323. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v21i2.23698
Geissinger, A. (2002). “Believing Women” in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur’an by Asma Barias. American Journal of Islam and Society, 19(4), 135–138. https://doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v19i4.1905
Ilya, I. (2024). Perlindungan Perempuan dari Pemaksaan Perkawinan Perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah (Studi Fatwa Kupi Ke-2 No. 06/MK-Kupi-2/XI/2022). AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam, 5(2), 2547–2560. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i2.2476
Junaidi, A. A. (2023). Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) and Mubādalah Approach in Interpreting the Gender Biased-Qur’anic Verses. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 18(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v18i1.17269
Khasanah, M., Ichwan, M. N., & Pratama, M. Y. (2025). Challenging Gender Inequality through Qur’anic Reinterpretation: The Hermeneutics of Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Literature and Muslim Society, 10(1), 17–38. https://doi.org/10.22515/islimus.v10i1.12045
Komnas Perempuan. (2021). CATAHU 2021: Perempuan Dalam Himpitan Pandemi: Lonjakan Kekerasan Seksual, Kekerasan Siber, Perkawinan Anak Dan Keterbatasan Penanganan Di Tengah Covid-19. https://komnasperempuan.go.id/catatan-tahunan-detail/catahu-2021-perempuan-dalam-himpitan-pandemi-lonjakan-kekerasan-seksual-kekerasan-siber-perkawinan-anak-dan-keterbatasan-penanganan-di-tengah-covid-19
Kusmana, K. (2019). The Qur’an, Woman and Nationalism In Indonesia: Ulama Perempuan’s Moral Movement. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 57(1), 83–116. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2019.571.83-116
Ma’ruf, A., Wilodati, W., & Aryanti, T. (2022). Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia dalam Wacana Merebut Tafsir Gender Pasca Reformasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Genealogi. Musãwa Jurnal Studi Gender Dan Islam, 20(2), 127–146. https://doi.org/10.14421/musawa.2021.202.127-146
Mahmudah, N., & Islahuddin, I. (2025). Women’s Bodily Experiences as an Epistemic Basis for KUPI’s Quranic Interpretation. Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam, 26(2), 261–281. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v26i2.35993
Muhammad, H. (2001). Fiqh Perempuan: Refleksi Kiai atas Wacana Agama dan Gender. LKIS.
Mun’im, Z., Nasrudin, M., Suaidi, S., & Hasanudin, H. (2024). Revisioning Official Islam in Indonesia: The Role of Women Ulama Congress in Reproducing Female Authority in Islamic Law. AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 24(1), 135–152. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v24i1.34744
Nurmila, N. (2025). KUPI Approach to Qur’an and Hadith Re-interpretation. African Journal of Gender and Religion, 31(1), 41–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36615/vqcta754
Nuroniyah, W., & Maula, B. S. (2025). Female ulama in Indonesia: Challenging patriarchal religious interpretations. In Towards Resilient Societies: The Synergy of Religion, Education, Health, Science, and Technology (pp. 372–378). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003654940-58
Rahmawati, E. S., & Aprilyanti, M. (2017). Metodologi Fatwa Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI). Kupipedia. Id, 1–12.
Razak, Y., & Mundzir, I. (2019). Otoritas Agama Ulama Perempuan:Relevansi Pemikiran Nyai Masriyah Amva Terhadap Kesetaraan Jender Dan Pluralisme. Palastren Jurnal Studi Gender, 12(2), 397. https://doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v12i2.5981
Ridha, M. R. (1990). Tafsir Al-Manar. Al-Hai’an Al-Misriyyah Al-’Ammah.
Rohmaniyah, I., Kotele, S., & Widiastuti, R. S. K. (2022). Reclaiming an Authority: Women’s Ulama Congress Network (KUPI) and a New Trend of Religious Discourse in Indonesia. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 11(3), 60. https://doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2022-0068
Ulfiyati, N. S. (2019). Pandangan dan Peran Tokoh Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia (KUPI) dalam Mencegah Perkawinan Anak. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syar’iah, 11(1), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v11i1.6488
Zaen, N. (2022). Rahima: Inisiator dan Penggagas dalam Kongres Ulama Perempuan Indonesia Tahun 2000-2017 [UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta]. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/51767/