Main Article Content
Abstract
Digital transformation in education demands new and adaptive strategies and methods for shaping students’ character. This study employs a qualitative narrative-descriptive approach using a literature review method to analyze strategies and methods of character education in learning within the digital era based on relevant literature. The findings indicate that the use of digital media such as Learning Management Systems (LMS), educational social media, and digital project-based learning approaches can effectively instill values such as honesty, responsibility, collaboration, and digital literacy. Moreover, the involvement of digital communities and the role of teachers as facilitators of digital character further strengthen the holistic development of students’ character. Nevertheless, the discussion in this article remains conceptual and does not yet include empirical testing in specific educational contexts. Therefore, further research is recommended to examine the implementation of these strategies across different educational levels as well as to systematically explore the involvement of communities and parents in building a digital character education ecosystem.
Keywords
Article Details
References
- Baharun, H. (2017). Total Moral Quality: A New Approach for Character Education in Pesantren. Ulumuna, 21(1), 57–80. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v21i1.1167
- Baidi. (2019). The Role of Parents’ Interests and Attitudes in Motivating Them to Homeschool their Children. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 10(1), 156–177. www.jsser.org
- Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice-Hall.
- Chaudhry, S., Tandon, A., Shinde, S., & Bhattacharya, A. (2024). Student Psychological Well-being in Higher Education: The Role of Internal Team Environment, Institutional, Friends and Family Support and Academic Engagement. PLOS ONE, 19(1), e0297508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297508
- Dewi, I. S., Hendracipta, N., & Syachruroji, A. (2021). The Implementation of Student Discipline Through School Rules. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, 4(2), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v4i2.30535
- Erdianti, R. N., & Al-Fatih, S. (2020). Children Friendly School as the Legal Protection for Children in Indonesia. Varia Justicia, 16(2), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.31603/variajusticia.v16i2.3725
- Febriani, A., Ottilapoyil, S., Zulfikri, Z., & Mayesta, M. (2022). Model of Parents’ and Teachers’ Cooperation in Developing Learners’ Religious Character. International Journal of Islamic Studies Higher Education, 1(2), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.24036/insight.v1i2.19
- Firmansyah, B. (2021). The Effectiveness Of Multimodal Approaches In Learning. EDUTEC : Journal of Education And Technology, 4(3), 469–479. https://doi.org/10.29062/edu.v4i3.194
- Gagné, R. M., & Briggs, L. J. (1979). Principles of instructional design (2nd ed.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
- Greenhow, C., & Robelia, B. (2009). Old Communication, New Literacies: Social Network Sites as Social Learning Resources. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(4), 1130–1161. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01484.x
- Gunawan, G., Yanti, P. R., & Nelson, N. (2023). Methods for Achieving Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Aspects in Islamic Religious Education Learning: A study at Senior High School in Rejang Lebong. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(1), 981–991. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i1.2793
- Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A Review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
- Harun, U. B. (2020). Project-Based Learning Integrated To Stem (Stem-Pjbl) To Enhance Arabic Learning Hots-Based. Al-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, 12(1), 139–150. https://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v12i1.230
- Hermino, A., & Arifin, I. (2020). Contextual Character Education for Students in the Senior High School. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1009–1023. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.1009
- Husna, U., & Thohir, M. (2020). Religious Moderation as a New Approach to Learning Islamic Religious Education in Schools. Nadwa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(1), 199–222. https://doi.org/10.21580/nw.2020.14.1.5766
- Joyce, B., & Weil, M. (2000). Models of teaching (6th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
- Khairani, Y., Suresman, E., & Ganeswara, G. M. (2024). Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Pelajar Pancasila Berbasis Daarul Qur’an Method Dalam Intrakurikuler Sekolah Di Sd Daarul Qur’an School Internasional. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Multazam, 10(1), 107–122.
- Kholili, Y. (2021). Challenges for Pesantren in the Revolution Era of Society 5.0. AMCA Journal of Religion and Society, 1(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.51773/ajrs.v1i1.33
- Lian, B., Kristiawan, M., Ammelia, D., Primasari, G., & Prasetyo, M. A. M. (2020). Teachers’ Model in Building Students’ Character. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(14), 927–932. https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.14.165
- Mahfud, C., Prasetyawati, N., Agustin, D. S. ., Suarmini, N. W., & Hendrajati, E. (2019). The Urgency of Civic Education and Religious Character Education for Early Childhood in Indonesia. Elementary: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 5(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v5i1.1496
- Marougkas, A., Troussas, C., Krouska, A., & Sgouropoulou, C. (2023). Virtual Reality in Education: A Review of Learning Theories, Approaches and Methodologies for the Last Decade. Electronics (Switzerland), 12(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132832
- Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2008). Introducing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 1–16.
- Mtawa, N., Fongwa, S., & Wilson-Strydom, M. (2021). Enhancing Graduate Employability Attributes and Capabilities Formation: A Service-learning Approach. Teaching in Higher Education, 26(5), 679–695. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2019.1672150
- Muhammad, G., Ruswandi, U., Nurmila, N., & Zakiyah, Q. Y. (2023). Implementation of Multicultural Values through the Hidden Curriculum of PAI Subjects in Forming a Peace-loving Character in Junior High Schools. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 4(6), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2023.4.6.768
- Mujahidin, M., & Malusu, M. R. (2024). Membangun Karakter Kepemimpinan Melalui Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS). At Tadbir: Islamic Education Management Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.54437/attadbir.v2i1.1564
- Narvaez, D. (2006). Integrative ethical education. In M. Killen & J. G.
- Ouadoud, M., Nejjari, A., Chkouri, M. Y., & El-Kadiri, K. E. (2018). Learning Management System and the Underlying Learning Theories: Towards a new Modeling of an LMS. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 37(March), 732–744. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_67
- Pais, S. C., Dias, T. S., & Benício, D. (2022). Connecting Higher Education to the Labour Market: The Experience of Service Learning in a Portuguese University. Education Sciences, 12(4), 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12040259
- Purwaningsih, E. (2024). The Role of Metacognition in Character Education: A Case Study on Students’ Moral and Ethical Formation Strategies. Society, 12(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v12i1.617
- Ritonga, A. W. (2022). Role of Teachers and Parents in Realizing Character Education in the Digital Era. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, 5(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v5i1.39729
- Ritonga, M., Ritonga, A. W., & Desrani, A. (2022). Social Media: Millennial Generation Alternative Solutions in Learning Religion During Covid-19 Pandemic. Al-Ta’lim Journal, 29(3), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v29i3.721
- Saputro, J. D., & Murdiono, M. (2020). Implementation of Character Education through a Holistic Approach to Senior High School Students. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(11), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i11.2146
- Setyo, T., Minarti, S., & Fauzi, A. (2021). The Portrait of Local Wisdom Values in Constructing Character Education Management in Indonesia. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 19(2), 305–327. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v19i2.2974
- Shaleha, M. A., & Purbani, W. (2019). Using Indonesian Local Wisdom as Language Teaching Material to Build Students’ Character in Globalization Era. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10), 292. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3910
- Shu, X., & Gu, X. (2023). An Empirical Study of A Smart Education Model Enabled by the Edu-Metaverse to Enhance Better Learning Outcomes for Students. Systems, 11(2), 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020075
- Singh, B. (2019). Character Education in the 21st Century. Journal of Social Studies (JSS), 15(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21831/jss.v15i1.25226
- Sliwka, A., Klopsch, B., Beigel, J., & Tung, L. (2024). Transformational Leadership for Deeper Learning: Shaping Innovative School Practices for Enhanced Learning. Journal of Educational Administration, 62(1), 103–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-03-2023-0049
- Sokip, Akhyak, Soim, Tanzeh, A., & Kojin. (2019). Character Building in Islamic Society: A Case Study of Muslim Families in Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 10(2), 224–242. www.learntechlib.org/p/216573/.
- Suhirman, Nurlaili, Rohimin, S, Z., & Wiwinda. (2021). Character Education Concept by KH Ahmad Dahlan in the Context of Covid-19 Crisis. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(3), 2938–2950. http://annalsofrscb.ro
- Susanti, S. E. (2022). Pendidikan Karakter dalam Membangun Kecerdasan Moral bagi Anak Usia Dini Perspektif Thomas Lickona. TRILOGI: Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi, Kesehatan, Dan Humaniora, 3(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.33650/trilogi.v3i1.3396
- Susanto, Ritonga, A. W., & Desrani, A. (2022). The Challenge of The Integrated Character Education Paradigm with 21st-Century Skills During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 20(1), 85–104. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v1i1.3816
- Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (pp. 703–733). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st Century Skills_ Learning for Life in Our Times. Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research, 2(1), 243.
- Trisiana, A. (2021). A New Paradigm of Character Education During Covid-19 Pandemic: Comparative Analysis Towards Digital Revolution. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 524(Icce 2020), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210204.003
- Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society. The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
- Wong, M.-Y. (2021). Beyond Asking ‘Should’ and ‘why’ Questions: Contextualised Questioning Techniques for Moral Discussions in Moral Education Classes. Journal of Moral Education, 50(3), 368–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2020.1713066
- Zubaidah, S. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter Terintegrasi Keterampilan Abad ke-21. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 3(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v3i2.125
References
Baharun, H. (2017). Total Moral Quality: A New Approach for Character Education in Pesantren. Ulumuna, 21(1), 57–80. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v21i1.1167
Baidi. (2019). The Role of Parents’ Interests and Attitudes in Motivating Them to Homeschool their Children. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 10(1), 156–177. www.jsser.org
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice-Hall.
Chaudhry, S., Tandon, A., Shinde, S., & Bhattacharya, A. (2024). Student Psychological Well-being in Higher Education: The Role of Internal Team Environment, Institutional, Friends and Family Support and Academic Engagement. PLOS ONE, 19(1), e0297508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297508
Dewi, I. S., Hendracipta, N., & Syachruroji, A. (2021). The Implementation of Student Discipline Through School Rules. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, 4(2), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v4i2.30535
Erdianti, R. N., & Al-Fatih, S. (2020). Children Friendly School as the Legal Protection for Children in Indonesia. Varia Justicia, 16(2), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.31603/variajusticia.v16i2.3725
Febriani, A., Ottilapoyil, S., Zulfikri, Z., & Mayesta, M. (2022). Model of Parents’ and Teachers’ Cooperation in Developing Learners’ Religious Character. International Journal of Islamic Studies Higher Education, 1(2), 133–150. https://doi.org/10.24036/insight.v1i2.19
Firmansyah, B. (2021). The Effectiveness Of Multimodal Approaches In Learning. EDUTEC : Journal of Education And Technology, 4(3), 469–479. https://doi.org/10.29062/edu.v4i3.194
Gagné, R. M., & Briggs, L. J. (1979). Principles of instructional design (2nd ed.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Greenhow, C., & Robelia, B. (2009). Old Communication, New Literacies: Social Network Sites as Social Learning Resources. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14(4), 1130–1161. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01484.x
Gunawan, G., Yanti, P. R., & Nelson, N. (2023). Methods for Achieving Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Aspects in Islamic Religious Education Learning: A study at Senior High School in Rejang Lebong. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(1), 981–991. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i1.2793
Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A Review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
Harun, U. B. (2020). Project-Based Learning Integrated To Stem (Stem-Pjbl) To Enhance Arabic Learning Hots-Based. Al-Bidayah: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Islam, 12(1), 139–150. https://doi.org/10.14421/al-bidayah.v12i1.230
Hermino, A., & Arifin, I. (2020). Contextual Character Education for Students in the Senior High School. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1009–1023. https://doi.org/10.12973/EU-JER.9.3.1009
Husna, U., & Thohir, M. (2020). Religious Moderation as a New Approach to Learning Islamic Religious Education in Schools. Nadwa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(1), 199–222. https://doi.org/10.21580/nw.2020.14.1.5766
Joyce, B., & Weil, M. (2000). Models of teaching (6th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
Khairani, Y., Suresman, E., & Ganeswara, G. M. (2024). Integrasi Nilai-Nilai Karakter Pelajar Pancasila Berbasis Daarul Qur’an Method Dalam Intrakurikuler Sekolah Di Sd Daarul Qur’an School Internasional. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Multazam, 10(1), 107–122.
Kholili, Y. (2021). Challenges for Pesantren in the Revolution Era of Society 5.0. AMCA Journal of Religion and Society, 1(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.51773/ajrs.v1i1.33
Lian, B., Kristiawan, M., Ammelia, D., Primasari, G., & Prasetyo, M. A. M. (2020). Teachers’ Model in Building Students’ Character. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(14), 927–932. https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.14.165
Mahfud, C., Prasetyawati, N., Agustin, D. S. ., Suarmini, N. W., & Hendrajati, E. (2019). The Urgency of Civic Education and Religious Character Education for Early Childhood in Indonesia. Elementary: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 5(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v5i1.1496
Marougkas, A., Troussas, C., Krouska, A., & Sgouropoulou, C. (2023). Virtual Reality in Education: A Review of Learning Theories, Approaches and Methodologies for the Last Decade. Electronics (Switzerland), 12(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132832
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2008). Introducing Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 1–16.
Mtawa, N., Fongwa, S., & Wilson-Strydom, M. (2021). Enhancing Graduate Employability Attributes and Capabilities Formation: A Service-learning Approach. Teaching in Higher Education, 26(5), 679–695. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2019.1672150
Muhammad, G., Ruswandi, U., Nurmila, N., & Zakiyah, Q. Y. (2023). Implementation of Multicultural Values through the Hidden Curriculum of PAI Subjects in Forming a Peace-loving Character in Junior High Schools. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 4(6), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2023.4.6.768
Mujahidin, M., & Malusu, M. R. (2024). Membangun Karakter Kepemimpinan Melalui Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS). At Tadbir: Islamic Education Management Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.54437/attadbir.v2i1.1564
Narvaez, D. (2006). Integrative ethical education. In M. Killen & J. G.
Ouadoud, M., Nejjari, A., Chkouri, M. Y., & El-Kadiri, K. E. (2018). Learning Management System and the Underlying Learning Theories: Towards a new Modeling of an LMS. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 37(March), 732–744. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_67
Pais, S. C., Dias, T. S., & Benício, D. (2022). Connecting Higher Education to the Labour Market: The Experience of Service Learning in a Portuguese University. Education Sciences, 12(4), 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12040259
Purwaningsih, E. (2024). The Role of Metacognition in Character Education: A Case Study on Students’ Moral and Ethical Formation Strategies. Society, 12(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v12i1.617
Ritonga, A. W. (2022). Role of Teachers and Parents in Realizing Character Education in the Digital Era. Indonesian Values and Character Education Journal, 5(1), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.23887/ivcej.v5i1.39729
Ritonga, M., Ritonga, A. W., & Desrani, A. (2022). Social Media: Millennial Generation Alternative Solutions in Learning Religion During Covid-19 Pandemic. Al-Ta’lim Journal, 29(3), 191–200. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v29i3.721
Saputro, J. D., & Murdiono, M. (2020). Implementation of Character Education through a Holistic Approach to Senior High School Students. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(11), 460–470. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i11.2146
Setyo, T., Minarti, S., & Fauzi, A. (2021). The Portrait of Local Wisdom Values in Constructing Character Education Management in Indonesia. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 19(2), 305–327. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v19i2.2974
Shaleha, M. A., & Purbani, W. (2019). Using Indonesian Local Wisdom as Language Teaching Material to Build Students’ Character in Globalization Era. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10), 292. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3910
Shu, X., & Gu, X. (2023). An Empirical Study of A Smart Education Model Enabled by the Edu-Metaverse to Enhance Better Learning Outcomes for Students. Systems, 11(2), 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020075
Singh, B. (2019). Character Education in the 21st Century. Journal of Social Studies (JSS), 15(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.21831/jss.v15i1.25226
Sliwka, A., Klopsch, B., Beigel, J., & Tung, L. (2024). Transformational Leadership for Deeper Learning: Shaping Innovative School Practices for Enhanced Learning. Journal of Educational Administration, 62(1), 103–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-03-2023-0049
Sokip, Akhyak, Soim, Tanzeh, A., & Kojin. (2019). Character Building in Islamic Society: A Case Study of Muslim Families in Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 10(2), 224–242. www.learntechlib.org/p/216573/.
Suhirman, Nurlaili, Rohimin, S, Z., & Wiwinda. (2021). Character Education Concept by KH Ahmad Dahlan in the Context of Covid-19 Crisis. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology, 25(3), 2938–2950. http://annalsofrscb.ro
Susanti, S. E. (2022). Pendidikan Karakter dalam Membangun Kecerdasan Moral bagi Anak Usia Dini Perspektif Thomas Lickona. TRILOGI: Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi, Kesehatan, Dan Humaniora, 3(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.33650/trilogi.v3i1.3396
Susanto, Ritonga, A. W., & Desrani, A. (2022). The Challenge of The Integrated Character Education Paradigm with 21st-Century Skills During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Cendekia: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Kemasyarakatan, 20(1), 85–104. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v1i1.3816
Smetana (Eds.), Handbook of moral development (pp. 703–733). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2009). 21st Century Skills_ Learning for Life in Our Times. Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research, 2(1), 243.
Trisiana, A. (2021). A New Paradigm of Character Education During Covid-19 Pandemic: Comparative Analysis Towards Digital Revolution. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 524(Icce 2020), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210204.003
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society. The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.
Wong, M.-Y. (2021). Beyond Asking ‘Should’ and ‘why’ Questions: Contextualised Questioning Techniques for Moral Discussions in Moral Education Classes. Journal of Moral Education, 50(3), 368–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2020.1713066
Zubaidah, S. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter Terintegrasi Keterampilan Abad ke-21. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 3(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v3i2.125